1 00:00:00,00 --> 00:00:06,34 Six. 2 00:00:08,87 --> 00:00:13,13 Following worldwide experiment combination three distinct economic systems 3 00:00:13,13 --> 00:00:19,11 and civilizations Spanish French and English struggled for supremacy Spain 4 00:00:19,12 --> 00:00:23,11 and Portugal were the first to colonize theirs was a feudal economy 5 00:00:23,11 --> 00:00:29,40 and as it was Asians strongly influenced by the church in America France expanded 6 00:00:29,40 --> 00:00:34,01 westward with isolated posts and mission New France was but journalistic 7 00:00:34,01 --> 00:00:39,95 and dependent on the perpetrator engenders stablish contact colonies on the Mid 8 00:00:39,95 --> 00:00:44,05 Atlantic coast with people economically self-reliant an individualistic 9 00:00:44,97 --> 00:00:50,56 and bearing the seed of democracy a series of military struggles resulted in the 10 00:00:50,56 --> 00:00:54,55 elimination of France from the North American continent in seventeen sixty three 11 00:00:55,97 --> 00:00:59,65 thirteen English colonies gained their independence by continuing the 12 00:00:59,65 --> 00:01:06,59 Anglo-American tradition the acquisition of Louisiana was inevitable Spanish power 13 00:01:06,59 --> 00:01:12,61 decline of the Florida has receded to the United States the people of Spanish 14 00:01:12,61 --> 00:01:19,59 America proclaim their independence with American Civil the the weak hold of the 15 00:01:19,59 --> 00:01:21,56 Spanish civilization on the south west 16 00:01:21,56 --> 00:01:25,23 and the Caribbean Islands finally gave way under American pressure 17 00:01:29,74 --> 00:01:35,30 new world colonization was started by Spain in the West Indies then on into Central 18 00:01:35,30 --> 00:01:35,92 America 19 00:01:35,92 --> 00:01:42,45 and southern Mexico into the mountains in rich silver mine silver in got carried by 20 00:01:42,45 --> 00:01:42,83 Pak 21 00:01:42,83 --> 00:01:49,28 and then by galleons to Spain to the north on the plateau arose the cattle industry 22 00:01:51,71 --> 00:01:57,78 because of come stablished outposts in Florida in the way of the Spanish 23 00:01:57,78 --> 00:01:59,25 settlements extended to Santa Fe. 24 00:02:00,00 --> 00:02:01,23 In sixteen hundred nine 25 00:02:03,86 --> 00:02:08,35 and only now after more than a century of Spanish colonization did the French 26 00:02:08,35 --> 00:02:13,67 settle it could back the year before the Spanish had expanded the set of a French 27 00:02:13,68 --> 00:02:17,22 post sprang up along the inland waterways in the search for beaver. 28 00:02:18,89 --> 00:02:22,10 After nearly a century. The French control a vast region 29 00:02:22,91 --> 00:02:24,02 but one with a sparse population. 30 00:02:28,33 --> 00:02:32,00 After more than a century of Spanish colonization the English settled in Virginia 31 00:02:33,78 --> 00:02:35,84 sandbars obstruct much of this coastline 32 00:02:37,42 --> 00:02:42,24 that Chesapeake Bay However offered excellent harbors the larger rivers were 33 00:02:42,24 --> 00:02:47,57 navigable only to the final line separating the federal coastal plain from the 34 00:02:47,57 --> 00:02:54,52 higher Piedmont region to the west with the Appalachian barrier along the coast 35 00:02:54,52 --> 00:02:55,27 climate 36 00:02:55,27 --> 00:02:59,97 and soil were favorable the southern colonies could be nearly self-sufficient in 37 00:02:59,97 --> 00:03:06,85 food stuffs tobacco was to become the big export crop grows at 38 00:03:06,85 --> 00:03:13,70 first was slow English Catholic settled in Maryland Virginians migrated southward 39 00:03:13,70 --> 00:03:16,55 into Carolina English French 40 00:03:16,55 --> 00:03:22,81 and West Indians settled in Charleston by sixteen eighty nine the culture of the 41 00:03:22,81 --> 00:03:27,22 Southern colonies was characterized by a landed aristocracy supported by tobacco 42 00:03:27,22 --> 00:03:33,21 and slave labor in New England the rivers flow southward 43 00:03:33,21 --> 00:03:39,31 and only a few were navigable the indented coastline offered excellent harbors the 44 00:03:39,32 --> 00:03:41,73 natural resources were the fishing banks for food 45 00:03:42,71 --> 00:03:46,37 and the vast virgin forests which provided lumber for ships and home. 46 00:03:47,97 --> 00:03:49,93 The Rocky style severe climate 47 00:03:49,93 --> 00:03:54,65 and short growing season permitted agriculture only to supply domestic needs 48 00:03:57,50 --> 00:04:00,28 to that setting came the Pilgrims in sixteen. Twenty. 49 00:04:01,59 --> 00:04:05,52 Soon thereafter the Massachusetts Bay Colony was founded with a rather crude 50 00:04:05,52 --> 00:04:09,09 beginning but soon more settlers arrived 51 00:04:09,09 --> 00:04:12,58 and built permanent dwelling. 52 00:04:12,59 --> 00:04:16,75 People from Massachusetts settled the valley of the Connecticut River. 53 00:04:16,76 --> 00:04:20,66 Roger Williams led settlers to Rhode Island. 54 00:04:20,67 --> 00:04:24,60 The New Haven colony was extended over to Long Island. 55 00:04:25,75 --> 00:04:29,81 Later the New Haven colony was combined with Connecticut. 56 00:04:29,83 --> 00:04:31,92 And the Plymouth colony with Massachusetts. 57 00:04:33,34 --> 00:04:36,49 New England was now substantially settled. 58 00:04:37,37 --> 00:04:41,50 The houses were generally in villages conducive to active community live. 59 00:04:41,83 --> 00:04:46,87 Senator around the Church of the town meeting. 60 00:04:47,79 --> 00:04:53,70 The middle Atlantic region had excellent Harbor is large rivers some navigable lead 61 00:04:53,70 --> 00:04:57,84 far inland. And these facilitated extensive for trade with the Indians. 62 00:04:59,11 --> 00:05:04,33 Between ranges of mountains flowed Rivers flanked by Brown fertile valleys where 63 00:05:04,34 --> 00:05:09,16 colonists soon were to produce weak barley apples pears. 64 00:05:09,49 --> 00:05:14,55 Peaches and dairy products butter and cheese. 65 00:05:15,27 --> 00:05:20,25 The Dutch settled on the Hudson River at the mouth. And at the head of navigation. 66 00:05:22,05 --> 00:05:24,38 Shortly thereafter this we'd settled on the Delaware. 67 00:05:25,02 --> 00:05:30,12 But their weakness invited subjugation by the Dutch under status and. 68 00:05:30,14 --> 00:05:35,58 Soon the English took possession of all New Netherlands. 69 00:05:35,60 --> 00:05:38,20 Then founded Pennsylvania as a Quaker colony 70 00:05:39,21 --> 00:05:44,11 or negroes of these middle colonies was comparatively slow going in part to the 71 00:05:44,11 --> 00:05:47,41 Manor system with its restrictions on individual enterprises. 72 00:05:51,64 --> 00:05:55,44 In addition to their mainland colonies the English founded colonies in Bermuda 73 00:05:56,20 --> 00:05:59,95 Barbadoes and other West Indian islands. These the. 74 00:06:00,00 --> 00:06:03,28 SESSIONS were important both in naval and commercial affairs. 75 00:06:05,16 --> 00:06:11,03 Thus by sixteen eighty nine Spain was well established in the south of France was 76 00:06:11,03 --> 00:06:17,13 secure in Canada and claim Louisiana England was firmly planted on the Atlantic 77 00:06:17,13 --> 00:06:23,05 and claimed Hudson Bay in New England shipbuilding flourished 78 00:06:23,99 --> 00:06:26,89 industries not competing with the mother country were free to develop. 79 00:06:27,29 --> 00:06:27,93 Fish 80 00:06:27,93 --> 00:06:32,22 and whale products where the most profitable industries run the lot their production 81 00:06:32,22 --> 00:06:37,99 a lot of flourished New England supplied fish rum 82 00:06:37,99 --> 00:06:44,54 and ships the middle colonies flour pork flax fern status the southern 83 00:06:44,54 --> 00:06:50,51 colonies tobacco Rice hives unable to fly there was extensive trade among the 84 00:06:50,51 --> 00:06:57,04 colonies New England shipping interest rate sensitive New England ship rum to 85 00:06:57,04 --> 00:07:00,79 Africa traded for slaves carried these to the West Indies 86 00:07:00,79 --> 00:07:03,69 and exchange them for molasses sugar 87 00:07:03,69 --> 00:07:08,85 and money much of the foreign trade was in triangles like this in order to balance 88 00:07:08,85 --> 00:07:09,58 accounts. 89 00:07:10,79 --> 00:07:15,52 However many raw materials in the money received in the West Indian trade went 90 00:07:15,52 --> 00:07:21,36 directly to England to balance accounts for manufactured goods the southern 91 00:07:21,36 --> 00:07:25,39 colonies because of their tobacco carried on direct barter with the mother country. 92 00:07:26,78 --> 00:07:29,46 The Colonial Merchant Marine and foreign afraid were extensive 93 00:07:30,29 --> 00:07:37,11 and far flung after sixteen eighty 94 00:07:37,11 --> 00:07:40,57 nine for a century immigration from England with small. 95 00:07:41,85 --> 00:07:47,13 Native American colonists pushed the front here back northward westward southward 96 00:07:47,13 --> 00:07:52,18 to their new homes in the wilderness up the fertile river valleys to their head 97 00:07:52,18 --> 00:07:55,89 waters through the mountain gaps pressing the French on the north and west 98 00:07:56,61 --> 00:07:59,89 and Spanish on the south virgin. 99 00:08:00,00 --> 00:08:04,01 That's of a near where the most populous of these English colonies by seven hundred 100 00:08:04,01 --> 00:08:04,43 sixty three. 101 00:08:08,15 --> 00:08:14,13 Now to go back the French dreamed of a vast empire in the middle the valley with 102 00:08:14,14 --> 00:08:19,99 its capital at New Orleans posts and forwards were built to explode the Spanish 103 00:08:19,99 --> 00:08:23,67 and the English and the south in the north west 104 00:08:23,67 --> 00:08:29,10 and the French encroached on the Hudson Bay claims with outposts English 105 00:08:29,11 --> 00:08:31,09 and French both claim the hinterland. 106 00:08:32,15 --> 00:08:36,55 The French strengthen their position and when English regulars 107 00:08:36,55 --> 00:08:42,03 and colonials under Braddock's advanced on for Duquesne they were severely degraded. 108 00:08:43,14 --> 00:08:48,23 The colonies rushed new defenses during the next two years the English suffered 109 00:08:48,23 --> 00:08:50,95 defeat on the northern front here. 110 00:08:50,97 --> 00:08:55,82 But in seven hundred fifty eight a small English force advanced up the mark 111 00:08:55,82 --> 00:08:56,77 and across Lake Ontario 112 00:08:56,77 --> 00:09:02,46 and reduced forefront in next general verb succeeded in taking forth again 113 00:09:04,63 --> 00:09:09,72 the following year for Niagara fell to the English. 114 00:09:09,74 --> 00:09:16,50 The French were forced to withdraw on Lake Champlain looks 115 00:09:16,51 --> 00:09:21,15 sailed up the St Lawrence to attack with back first world occupied the opposite 116 00:09:21,15 --> 00:09:26,79 shore and bombarded the city a frontal attack below the city failed. 117 00:09:27,53 --> 00:09:32,19 Finally in desperation work secretly moved his troops above the city. 118 00:09:32,21 --> 00:09:36,99 Under cover of darkness look troops climb to the Plains of Abraham. 119 00:09:38,04 --> 00:09:42,05 Montcalm the French general decided to attack. 120 00:09:43,49 --> 00:09:46,55 After the second English volley the French line broke 121 00:09:46,55 --> 00:09:51,22 and four days later back surrendered this battlefield of New France. 122 00:09:52,49 --> 00:09:56,29 The following year three English and colonial forces converged on Montreal. 123 00:09:56,69 --> 00:10:02,56 Which fell without resistance in accordance with the England retained all of French 124 00:10:02,56 --> 00:10:06,99 Canada the eastern probably easier than from west Louisiana went to Spain 125 00:10:10,10 --> 00:10:15,18 there after the English companies look forward to rapid peaceful expansion little 126 00:10:15,18 --> 00:10:19,88 realizing the revolt would soon lead to the founding of the first free nation in 127 00:10:19,88 --> 00:10:20,27 America.